Название: Readings in Formal Epistemology Автор: Arlo-Costa H., Hendricks V.F., Benthem J, van Издательство: Springer International Publishing Жанр: Философия Год издания: 2016 Страниц: 937 ISBN: 978-3-319-20450-5, 978-3-319-20451-2 Язык: Английский Формат: PDF/EPUB Размер: 12 Мб
Is a term coined in the late 1990s for a new constellation of interests in philosophy, merging traditional epistemological concerns with new in?uences from surrounding disciplines like linguistics, game theory, and computer science. Of course, this movement did not spring to life just then. Formal epistemological studies may be found in the classic works of Carnap, Hintikka, Levi, Lewis, Kripke, Putnam, Quine, and many others. Formal epistemology addresses a growing agenda of problems concerning knowledge, belief, certainty, rationality, deliberation, decision, strategy, action, and agent interaction – and it does so using methods from logic, probability theory, computability theory, decision theory, game theory, and elsewhere. The use of these formal tools is to rigorously formulate, analyze, and sometimes solve important issues of interest to philosophers but also to researchers in other disciplines, from the natural sciences and humanities to the social and cognitive sciences and sometimes even the realm of technology. This makes formal epistemology an interdisciplinary endeavor practiced by philosophers, logicians, mathematicians, computer scientists, theoretical economists, social scientists, cognitive psychologists, etc. Yet no volume is in existence comprising canonical texts that de?ne the ?eld by exemplars. Lecturers and students are forced to collect in?uential classics and seminal contemporary papers from uneven sources, some of them hard to obtain even for university libraries. There are excellent anthologies in mainstream epistemology, but these are not tuned to new fruitful interactions between the mainstream and a wider spectrum of formal approaches. "Readings in Formal Epistemology" is intended to remedy this situation by presenting some three dozen key texts, divided into ?ve subsections: Bayesian Epistemology, Belief Change, Decision Theory, Logics of Knowledge and Belief, and Interactive Epistemology. The selection made is by no means complete but hopefully representative enough for an accurate picture of the landscape. This collection will hopefully serve as a study and research companion while also helping shape and stimulate a ?ourishing new ?eld in philosophy and its broader intellectual environment.
1. Agency and Interaction What We Are and What We Do in Formal Epistemology 1 Jeffrey Helzner and Vincent F. Hendricks
Part I. Bayesian Epistemology
2. Introduction 15 Horacio Arlo-Costa, Vincent F. Hendricks, and Johan van Benthem 3. Truth and Probability 21 Frank P. Ramsey 4. Probable Knowledge 47 Richard C. Jeffrey 5. Fine-Grained Opinion, Probability, and the Logic of Full Belief 67 Bas C. van Fraassen 6. A Theory of Higher Order Probabilities 91 Haim Gaifman 7. On Indeterminate Probabilities 107 Isaac Levi 8. Why I am not a Bayesian 131 Clark Glymour 9. Discussion: A Mistake in Dynamic Coherence Arguments? 153 Brian Skyrms 10. Some Problems for Conditionalization and Re?ection 163 Frank Arntzenius 11. Stopping to Re?ect 177 Mark J. Schervish, Teddy Seidenfeld, and Joseph B. Kadane
Part II. Belief Change
12. Introduction 189 Horacio Arlo-Costa, Vincent F. Hendricks, and Johan van Benthem 13. On the Logic of Theory Change: Partial Meet Contraction and Revision Functions 195 Carlos E. Alchourron, Peter Gardenfors, and David Makinson 14. Theory Contraction and Base Contraction Uni?ed 219 Sven Ove Hansson 15. How Infallible but Corrigible Full Belief Is Possible 247 Isaac Levi 16. Belief Contraction in the Context of the General Theory of Rational Choice 269 Hans Rott 17. A Survey of Ranking Theory 303 Wolfgang Spohn
Part III. Decision Theory
18 Introduction 351 Horacio Arlo-Costa, Vincent F. Hendricks, and Johan van Benthem 19. Allais’s Paradox 357 Leonard Savage 20. Decision Theory Without “Independence” or Without “Ordering” 361 Teddy Seidenfeld 21. Ambiguity and the Bayesian Paradigm 385 Itzhak Gilboa and Massimo Marinacci 22. State-Dependent Utilities 441 Mark J. Schervish, Teddy Seidenfeld, and Joseph B. Kadane 23. Causal Decision Theory 457 James M. Joyce and Allan Gibbard 24. Advances in Prospect Theory: Cumulative Representation of Uncertainty 493 Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman
Part IV. Logics of Knowledge and Belief
25. Introduction 523 Horacio Arlo-Costa, Vincent F. Hendricks, and Johan van Benthem 26. Epistemology Without Knowledge and Without Belief 527 Jaakko Hintikka 27. Epistemic Operators 553 Fred I. Dretske 28. Elusive Knowledge 567 David Lewis 29. Knowledge and Scepticism 587 Robert Nozick 30. On Logics of Knowledge and Belief 605 Robert Stalnaker 31. Sentences, Belief and Logical Omniscience, or What Does Deduction Tell Us? 627 Rohit Parikh 32. The Logic of Justi?cation 649 Sergei Artemov 33. Learning Theory and Epistemology 695 Kevin T. Kelly 34 .Some Computational Constraints in Epistemic Logic 717 Timothy Williamson
Part V Interactive Epistemology
35. Introduction 737 Horacio Arlo-Costa, Vincent F. Hendricks, and Johan van Benthem 36. Convention (An Excerpt on Coordination and Higher-Order Expectations) 741 David Lewis 37. Three Views of Common Knowledge 759 Jon Barwise 38. The Logic of Public Announcements, Common Knowledge, and Private Suspicions 773 Alexandru Baltag, Lawrence S. Moss, and Slawomir Solecki 39. A Qualitative Theory of Dynamic Interactive Belief Revision 813 Alexandru Baltag and Sonja Smets 40. Agreeing to Disagree 859 Robert J. Aumann 41. Epistemic Conditions for Nash Equilibrium 863 Robert J. Aumann and Adam Brandenburger 42. Knowledge, Belief and Counterfactual Reasoning in Games 895 Robert Stalnaker 43. Substantive Rationality and Backward Induction 923 Joseph Y. Halpern
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Readings in Formal Epistemology 
