The Hejaz Railway and the Ottoman Empire: Modernity, Industrialisation and Ottoman DeclineКНИГИ » ИСТОРИЯ
Название: The Hejaz Railway and the Ottoman Empire: Modernity, Industrialisation and Ottoman Decline Автор: Murat ?zy?ksel Издательство: I. B. Tauris Год: 2014 Формат: pdf Страниц: 322 Размер: 15.2 Мб Язык: English
Railway expansion was symbolic of modernization in the late 19th century, and Britain, Germany and France built railways at enormous speed and reaped great commercial benefits. In the Middle East, railways were no less important and the Ottoman Empire's Hejaz Railway was the first great industrial project of the 20th century. A route running from Damascus to Mecca, it was longer than the line from Berlin to Baghdad and was designed to function as the artery of the Arab world - linking Constantinople to Arabia. Built by German engineers, and instituted by Sultan Abdul Hamid II, the railway was financially crippling for the Ottoman state and the its eventual stoppage 250 miles short of Mecca (the railway ended in Medina) was symbolic of the Ottoman Empire's crumbling economic and diplomatic fortunes. This is the first book in English on the subject, and is essential reading for those interested in Industrial History, Ottoman Studies and the geopolitics of the Middle East before World War I.
Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire Название: Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire Автор: Somel, Selcuk Aksin Издательство: The Scarecrow Press Год: 2003 Формат: pdf Страниц: 399...
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The Hejaz Railway and the Ottoman Empire: Modernity, Industrialisation and Ottoman Decline 
